FACULTY OF SOCIAL, ADMINISTRATIVE AND POLITICAL SCIENCES

By

KUYIBUKA YAAV MUKANDA Jeans Works Manager

Graduate of Higher Studies (DES) in Political and Administrative Sciences

December 2022

Summary

Humanity is in full constituent evolution, each State strives

organize itself to lead its population to well-being, if not to sustainable development.

Thus, the Democratic Republic of Congo, which, after the failure of decentralization, has embarked on a decentralization reform to 7enerate its various territorial entities towards sustainable development. The constitution and the laws relating to decentralization have recognized, in addition to the twenty-four territorial entities which are decentralized on paper, namely, the city, the commune, the sector and the chiefdom, ETD in acronym, evolving and 1operating with the deconcentrated territorial entities: Territories, groups, neighborhoods and villages. It is necessary to put in place effective stion mechanisms that can lead to change and the proper functioning of territorial

At this level, SAWADOGO RA noted that "most African States have been engaged since the beginning of the 1990s in institutional reforms, in particular the mode of organization and management; centralization, but the result so far remains mixed, whereas the aim of centralization would therefore be to correct this dysfunction" Apart from the Decentralized Territorial Entities, the Province, for its part, becomes the main entity; it is placed at the head of the ETDs and should take care of them, in terms of management control in order to ensure their operation despite the fact that they are all centralized

This diagnosis, even if it is summary, proves that the process of Decentralization in the Democratic Republic of Congo poses a problem in its materialization.

Thus, in fact, this work which analyzes territorial decentralization in the test of the free administration of the provinces, presents scientifically an interest or a need which is no longer to be demonstrated to the extent that, study was developed on the basis of a scientific documentation, and it is certainly a contribution to the research in the territorial field in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Regarding the decentralization itself, all the actors within the territorial entity must contribute, each according to what it is designated to do or to achieve. The contribution should be justified as participation in the ideas and options to be taken for the advancement and progress of the territorial entity which one is supposed to manage. Thus points out SPAEY J.²"Every organization aims to achieve the functional unity of a complex whole. A company, a business, and more generally any organization producing goods and services is organized when elements as disparate as men, machines, or other material resources contribute to overall success. It is therefore the unity of action and the degree of success that ultimately determine the value of the organization." We cannot continue to work without taking into account the objectives that the organization has set for itself. According to TALPAERT, the purpose of an organization is the goal that its members propose to achieve together. Its effectiveness depends not only on the convergence of individual actions toward the goal, but also on the extent to which individuals actually commit their energy, skills, and talent to achieve it. Individuals normally deploy force and strive to obtain results that must satisfy them. Thus, within the framework of decentralization, our study has set itself the objective of grasping the intricacies of this problem. At this level, its purpose is to assess the viability of decentralization in the DR Congo, because grassroots democracy, sustainable development and poverty reduction should normally be felt.

This is why, to establish the problem related to development through decentralization and the exploitation of the law on free administration of the provinces, the methodological approach based on David EASTON's systemic and history supported by documentary techniques, interviews and observation, have provided incontestable scientific explanations. The study under review presents the operationalization of this methodological framework. It is structured in two essential points. The first point is focused on the theoretical framework that analyzes its operationalization and the second point is focused directly on the result of the research drawn in part by this framework, before concluding this reflection.