1. Impacts of climate change on production:

1) climate change adds new constraints to many species and the significant reduction in genetic diversity in crops reduces their ability to adapt to emerging pressures;

2) the gradual shift of optimal areas for specific crops;

3) the decline in yield and the appearance of new plant diseases and parasitic attacks.

5) increase the number of people suffering from malnutrition in the future.

6) sharp increase in food prices

7) will sharply increase models based on current agricultural systems suggest significant negative impacts on agricultural productivity and significant risks to food production and security.”

8) Availability, stability of supply, distribution and access can all be affected by a changing climate.

9) Low-income producers and consumers are likely to suffer the most, due to a lack of resources to invest in adaptation and diversification measures to cope with price increases.

10) on marketing: weak commercial integration

1. Transformation of local and resilient food systems

Changing food systems starts with the land and how we use it. Healthy soils are a key part of the foundation for building and maintaining our food security and resilience.

Immediate actions needed to transform local and resilient food systems include :

• Accelerate the rehabilitation of degraded lands to enable local production for local consumption, job creation and income opportunities and promote more resilient supply chains, including local procurement for social protection programs.
• Increase the production and use of organic fertilizers to offset reduced fertilizer availability in global markets and increase yields sustainably.
• Reducing crop losses by improving post-harvest management and storage – generating processing and youth employment.
• Promote the use of local and indigenous foods, and reintroduce drought-resistant crops into local diets and foods.

III. The role of science in building resilient food supply chains

The research will help secure food supply chains and minimize the impacts of extreme weather events by improving stakeholders' ability to prepare, respond, and recover. The new knowledge will also help the food sector understand the threat posed by climate change to food supply chains and transform their practices accordingly. Finally, the models developed can be used by organizations and policymakers to implement new regulations and incentives to increase collective resilience.