Synthesis and IR Characterization of Activated Carbon Acid Catalysts from Cassava Peels and their Use in Esterification of Free Fatty Acid in Palm Kernel oil
Auteur(s): Kayembe Sungula JeanNom de la revue/Journal: International Research Journal of Pure & Applied Chemistry
Mois: juin
Volume: 21
Numéro: 8
Année: 2020
pages: 18 - 25
Résumé
<p>The present study reports the preparation of four solid acids (CS, CPS, CAS and CPAS) from cassava peels and investigates their catalytic activities in the esterification of free fatty acid (FFA) in palm Kernel oil (PKO). The activated carbon obtained from carbonization was directly sulfonated with sulfuric acid (CS) or treated first with phosphoric acid before sulfonation (CPS). Another part of activated carbon was pyrolyzed at 800°C and treated as in the two previous cases (CAS and CPAS). The FTIR spectra of CS, CPS, CAS and CPAS showed characteristic absorption peaks of functional groups such as O=S=O (1031 cm-1), OH (3849 and 3405 cm-1), C=C (1555-1574 cm-1), S=O (1042,1031 cm-1) and P=O (754 cm-1), which confirm the presence of sulfonic, carboxylic and phosphoric groups on the surface of the activated carbon acids prepared. The total acid densities of the catalysts range from 2.26 to 3.49 mmol/g whereas the -SO3H densities were from 0.92 to 2.20 <br> </p>